基于跨国并购的创新网络嵌入、网络异质性与创新质量研究Research on Network Embeddedness Based on Cross-border M&A, Network Heterogeneity and Innovation Quality
黄苹;
摘要(Abstract):
区别于现有研究通常将跨国并购视为一个"事件"研究其对并购企业技术创新的影响,基于创新网络视角,文章采用中国上市公司数据,通过关系嵌入和结构嵌入两个维度探讨基于跨国并购的国外创新网络对创新质量的影响机制。研究发现,通过跨国并购嵌入创新网络的直接联系促进了创新质量提升,间接联系和结构洞对创新质量产生了显著的抑制效应。网络异质性对基于跨国并购的创新网络嵌入与创新质量具有倒U型调节作用,在网络异质适度阶段,网络异质性正向调节基于跨国并购的创新网络嵌入的创新质量效应,在网络异质过度阶段,网络异质性具有负向调节效应。研究发现为新兴经济体企业实施跨国并购,有效嵌入国外创新网络,配置创新资源,提升创新质量,提供了有价值的参考。
关键词(KeyWords): 跨国并购;创新网络嵌入;网络异质性;创新质量
基金项目(Foundation): 教育部人文社会科学规划基金项目“基于跨国并购的企业国外创新网络嵌入、网络异质性与创新绩效研究”(17YJA630032);; 广东省软科学面上项目“广东基础研究强度最优区间及投入主体多元化研究”(2016A070705069);; 2017年度广州市哲学社会科学“十三五”规划课题“打造广深港科技创新走廊研究”(2017GZZK32)
作者(Author): 黄苹;
Email:
参考文献(References):
- [1]XU D,MEYER K E.Linking theory and context:“strategy research in emerging economies” after wright et al[J].Journal of Management Studies,2013,50(7):1322-1346.
- [2]LEBEDEV S,PENG M W,XIE E et.al.Mergers and acquisitions in and out of emerging economies[J].Journal of World Business,2015,50(4):651-662.
- [3]BRANSTETTER L.Is foreign direct investment a channel of knowledge spillovers?Evidence from Japan's FDI in the United States[J].Journal of International Economics,2006,68(2):325-344.
- [4]HITT M A,HOSKISSON R E,et al.Effects of acquisitions on R&D inputs and outputs[J].The Academy of Management Journal,1991,34(3):693-706.
- [5]ORNAGHI C.Mergers and innovation in big pharma[J].Interbational Journal of Industrial Organization,2009,27(1):70-79.
- [6]STIEBALE J.Cross-border M&A and innovative activity of acquiring and target firms[J].Journal of International Economics,2016,99(3):1-15.
- [7]BILIR L K,MORALES E.Innovation in the global Firm[R].NBER Working Papers No.22160:1-45.
- [8]吴先明,苏志文.将跨国并购作为技术追赶的杠杆:动态能力视角[J].管理世界,2014(4):146-164.
- [9]陈爱贞,刘志彪.以并购促进创新:基于全球价值链的中国产业困境突破[J].学术月刊,2016(12):63-74.
- [10]冼国明,明秀南.海外并购与企业创新[J].金融研究,2018(8):155-171.
- [11]谢洪明,章俨,刘洋,等.新兴经济体企业连续跨国并购中的价值创造:均胜集团的案例[J].管理世界,2019(5):162-178.
- [12]DEGBEY W,PELTO E.Cross-border M&A as a trigger for network change in the Russian bakery industry[J].Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing,2013,38(3):178-189.
- [13]KUEMMERLE W.Building effective R&D capabilities abroad[J].Harvard Business Review,1997,75(2):61-70.
- [14]WEST J,BOGERS M.Leveraging external sources of innovation:a review of research on open innovation[J].Product Innovation Management,2014,31(4):814-831.
- [15]FABRIZIO K R.The impact of local demand on innovation in a global industry[J].Strategy Management,2012,33(1):42-64.
- [16]HAGEDOORN J.Understanding the cross-level embeddedness of interfirm partnership[J].Formation Academy of Management,2006,31(3):670-680.
- [17]尹亚红.海外并购对技术创新有促进作用吗[J].金融经济学研究,2019(3):137-149.
- [18]VILLASALERO M.Intra-network knowledge roles and division performance in multi-business firms[J].Journal of Knowledge Management,2014,18(6):1165-1183.
- [19]AHUJA G.Collaboration networks,structural holes,and innovation:a longitudinal study[J].Administrative Science Quarterly,2000,45(3):425-455.
- [20]马荣康.国际化视角的企业创新网络嵌入机制及效应-基于中国高技术上市公司的实证[D].大连:大连理工大学经济管理学院,2014:54-64.
- [21]HANAKI N,NAKAJIMA R,OGURA Y.The dynamics of R&D network in the IT industry[J].Research Policy,2010,39(3):386-399.
- [22]SALMAN N,SAIVES A L.Indirect networks:an intangible resource for biotechnology innovation[J].R&D Management,2005,35(2):203-215.
- [23]SMITH J O,POWELL W W.Knowledge networks as channels and conduits:the effects of spillovers in the Boston biotechnology community[J].Organization Science,2004,15(1):5-21.
- [24]UZZI B.Social Structure and competition in interfirm networks:the paradox of embeddedness[J].Administrative Science Quarterly,1997,42(1):35-67.
- [25]BURT R S.Structural holes and good ideas[J].American Journal of Sociology,2004,110(2):349-399.
- [26]SALVATO C.Capabilities unveiled:the role of ordinary activities in the evolution of product development processes[J].Organization Science,2009,2(2):384-409.
- [27]PHELPS C C.A longitudinal study of the influence of alliance network structure and composition on firm exploratory innovation[J].Academy of Management Journal,2010,53(4):890-913.
- [28]杨隽萍,彭学兵,廖亭亭.网络异质性、知识异质性与新创企业创新[J].情报科学,2015(4):40-45.
- [29]刘兰剑,项丽琳.创新网络研究的演化规律及热点领域可视化分析[J].研究与发展管理,2019(3):145-158.
- [30]BRESCHI S,LISSOM F,MALERBA F.Knowledge-relatedness in firm technological diversification[J].Research Policy,2003,32(1):69.
- [31]SAMPSON R C.R&D alliances and firm performance:the impact of technological diversity and alliance organization on innovation[J].Academy of Management Journal,2007,50(2):364-386.
- [32]VRANDE V V D.Balancing your technology-sourcing portfolio:how sourcing mode diversity enhances innovative performance[J].Strategic Management Journal,2013,34(5):610-621.
- [33]OERLEMANS L A G,KNOLIEN J,PRETORIUS M W.Alliance portfolio diversity,radical and incremental innovation:the moderating role of technology management[J].Technovation,2013,33(6/7):234-246.
- [34]GRANOVETTER M.Economic action and social structure:the problem of embeddedness[J].American Journal of Sociology,1985,91(3):481-510.
- [35]BURT R S.Structural holes[M].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1992:61-95.
- [36]刘力钢,董莹.大数据情境下民营企业政治关联、跨界搜寻与技术创新[J].吉首大学学报(社会科学版),2018(6):19-25.
- [37]MALERBA F,ORSENIGOB L.Technological entry,exit and survival:an empirical analysis of patent data[J].Research Policy,1999,28(6):643-660.
- [38]BURKEA P F,REITZIGB M.Measuring patent assessment quality——analyzing the degree and kind of(in)consistency in patent offices' decision making[J].Research Policy,2007,36(9):1404-1430.
- [39]张杰,郑文平.创新追赶战略抑制了中国专利质量吗?[J].经济研究,2018(5):28-41.
- [40]AGHION P,HOWITT P,PRANTL S.Patent rights,product market reforms,and innovation[J].Journal of Economic Growth,2015,20(3):223-262.
- [41]吴菲菲,张广安,张辉,等.专利质量综合评价指数——以我国生物医药行业为例[J].科技进步与对策,2014(13):124-129.
- [42]LERNER J.The importance of patent scope:an empirical analysis[J].The RAND Journal of Economics,1994,25(2):319-333.
- [43]DUYSTERS G,HEIMERIKS K H,LOKSHIN B,et al.Do firms learn to manage alliance portfolio diversity?[J].The Journal of The European Academy of Management,2012,9(3):139-152.
- [44]FISCHER T,HENKEL J.Patent trolls on markets for technology——an empirical analysis of NPEs' patent acquisitions[J].Research Policy,2012,41(9):1519-1533.
- [45]高厚宾.新兴市场企业跨国并购促进技术创新了吗——基于PSM-DID的实证研究[J].科技进步与对策,2019(3):19-25.
- [46]吴超鹏,唐菂.知识产权保护执法力度、技术创新与企业绩效[J].经济研究,2016(11):125-139.
- [47]李文鹣,耿菱怿,梅强,等.科技型新创企业创业过程中知识中介机构服务模式研究[J].中国科技论坛,2017(9):78-85.
- [48]FISCHER T,LEIDINGER J.Testing patent value indicators on directly observed patent value——An empirical analysis of ocean tomo patent auctions[J].Research Policy,2014,43(3):519-529.
- [49]张祥建,徐晋,徐龙炳.高管精英治理模式能够提升企业绩效吗?——基于社会连带关系调节效应的研究[J].经济研究,2015(3):100-114.
- [50]NANDINI L.Geographic distribution of R&D activity:how does it affect innovation quality?[J].Academy of Management Journal,2010,53(5):1194-1209.
- [51]ARCHAMBAULT é.Methods for using patents in cross-country comparisons[J].Scientometrics,2002,54(1):15-30.
- (1)数据来源:本文侧重股权式网络嵌入,即能为并购企业提供技术创新的相关信息、知识及资源的股权投资者,故主要股东包含企业法人股东、投资咨询公司股东、风险投资公司股东等,相关数据通过对上市公司公告查询或相关企业网站查询获取。
- (2)为考察的创新网络嵌入更丰富,使用跨国并购2次及以上企业为样本。