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制度通过塑造不同职业路径的不确定性结构，造成创业者与雇员主观幸福感差异。然而，现有研究多关注制度对创业者幸福感的促进作用，较少从“制度如何塑造不确定性差异”的角度解释创业者与雇员之间的幸福感差异。文章聚焦女性群体，基于不确定管理理论，探索制度环境对于女性创业者和雇员幸福感差异的影响。通过匹配中国综合社会调查、中国分省份市场化指数和国家统计局的《中国统计年鉴》三个数据库，采用跨层线性回归方法，检验本文的研究模型。研究发现：高水平的政府干预、低水平的制度空隙扩大了女性创业者和女性雇员的幸福感差异。研究揭示了制度在不同职业路径间塑造不确定性差异的机制，增强了不确定管理理论在制度情境下的解释力，也为政策制定者通过优化制度环境、构建更具包容性的创业生态提供了理论启示。
Abstract：Institutions shape differential uncertainty across occupational pathways, thereby generating systematic disparities in subjective well-being between entrepreneurs and employees. However, prior research has largely focused on how institutions enhance entrepreneurs' well-being, with limited attention to the mechanisms through which institutions shape differential uncertainty and its consequences for well-being gaps between entrepreneurs and employees. Focusing on the female population, this study draws on uncertainty management theory to explore the influence of institutional environments on the well-being gap between female entrepreneurs and employees. By integrating data from the Chinese General Social Survey, the China Marketization Index database,and the China Statistical Yearbook, a multilevel linear regression model is employed to test the proposed framework. The findings show that a high level of government intervention and a low level of institutional voids significantly widen the well-being gap between female entrepreneurs and employees. This study sheds light on the mechanisms through which institutions shape differential uncertainty across career paths, extends the explanatory scope of uncertainty management theory in institutional contexts, and offers theoretical insights for policymakers in optimizing institutional environments and building a more inclusive entrepreneurial ecosystem.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.14134/j.cnki.cn33-1336/f.2025.12.004
中图分类号:C913.68;F279.2;F272.92
引用信息:
[1]孟晓彤,于晓宇.制度如何塑造不确定性差异?女性创业者与女性雇员幸福感差异的制度逻辑[J].商业经济与管理,2025,No.410(12):56-76.DOI:10.14134/j.cnki.cn33-1336/f.2025.12.004.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金青年项目“人工智能时代创业幸福感的演进机制：基于自组织视角”(72402125);国家自然科学基金重点项目“人工智能时代科创企业技术战略与商业模式共演成长路径研究”(72532008);国家自然科学基金重点项目“数字经济时代中国企业战略与创业的微观基础研究”(72232010)