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在高水平开放深入推进的背景下，文化产业作为知识与创意高度密集的产业部门，受到市场开放与知识产权制度的深刻影响。文章以中国自由贸易试验区设立与扩围为准自然实验，基于文化企业微观面板数据，运用多期双重差分法(DID)进行实证检验，揭示高水平开放与知识产权保护制度互补效应的内在机制。研究发现，高水平开放显著提升了文化企业全要素生产率。高水平开放通过降低市场进入成本与制度摩擦成本提升文化企业全要素生产率。开放与知识产权保护制度间存在显著的制度互补效应，即开放红利在文化产业内的释放高度依赖于知识产权保护制度，在保护薄弱地区开放效应不显著。异质性分析表明，高水平开放在文化产业链的上游与下游环节、国有企业与民营企业、中国东部地区均表现出显著提升效应。结论揭示了开放与知识产权制度对文化企业全要素生产率的作用机制，为中国在高水平开放进程中推动文化产业高质、高效发展提供重要政策启示。
Abstract：Against the backdrop of deepening high-level opening-up, the cultural industry, a sector characterized by a high intensity of knowledge and creativity, has been profoundly shaped by market liberalization and intellectual property rights(IPR)institutions. Taking the establishment and expansion of China's Pilot Free Trade Zones as a quasi-natural experiment, and drawing on micro-level panel data of cultural firms, this study employs a staggered difference-in-differences(DID) approach to empirically examine the intrinsic mechanisms underlying the institutional complementarity between high-level opening-up and IPR protection. The findings reveal that high-level opening-up significantly enhances the total factor productivity(TFP) of cultural firms. Mechanism analysis indicates that opening-up promotes TFP growth by reducing both market entry costs and institutional friction costs. Moreover, a significant institutional complementarity exists between opening-up and IPR protection: the realization of opening-up dividends within the cultural industry is highly contingent upon the strength of IPR institutions, with the productivity-enhancing effect being largely insignificant in regions characterized by weak IPR protection. Heterogeneity analysis shows that this positive effect is more pronounced among firms at both the upstream and downstream ends of the cultural industry chain, among both stateowned and private enterprises, and among firms located in eastern China. These findings elucidate the synergistic mechanism between market openness and institutional quality, offering important policy implications for fostering the high-quality and efficient development of the cultural industry amid China's ongoing process of high-level institutional opening-up.
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(1)根据国家统计局修订的《文化及相关产业分类(2018)》,中国文化核心领域包括新闻信息服务、内容创作生产、创意设计服务、文化传播渠道、文化投资运营、文化娱乐休闲服务6个产业,文化相关领域包括文化辅助生产和中介服务、文化装备生产、文化消费终端生产3个产业。
基本信息:
DOI：10.14134/j.cnki.cn33-1336/f.2026.08.006
中图分类号:G124;F125;F204
引用信息:
[1]王清,马慧强,刘军.高水平开放、知识产权保护与文化产业全要素生产率：基于中国上市公司微观证据[J].商业经济与管理,2026,No.418(08):82-96.DOI:10.14134/j.cnki.cn33-1336/f.2026.08.006.
基金信息:
教育部人文社会科学基金青年项目“乡村振兴视域下城乡公共文化服务失配程度、影响机理及均等化推进策略”(20YJCZH161); 太原工业学院青年学科带头人支持计划资助; 2025年度山西省哲学社会科学规划课题经济专项智库类别“高水平对外开放背景下山西省文化产业开放创新路径及影响效应研究”(2025ZK128); 2026年度山西省艺术科学规划项目“空间生产视角下山西省文化空间活化利用与新型消费场景培育对策研究”(A050)
2026-08-29
2026
2026-09-09
2026-10-10
2026
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2026-08-15
2026-08-15