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2025, 11, No.409 5-21
数字金融素养、收入差距与消费不平等——基于中国家庭金融调查的实证研究
基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金青年项目“城市内部房价分化、新市民居住空间分异与社会融合研究”(72404145);国家自然科学基金青年项目“住房公积金制度扩面对农业转移人口市民化的影响及其优化研究”(72404002); 教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“城市住房可支付能力对青年家庭生育意愿的影响机制、效应与政策研究”(23YJCZH308)
邮箱(Email):
DOI: 10.14134/j.cnki.cn33-1336/f.2025.11.001
摘要:

促进消费公平是推进共同富裕的重要内涵,个体消费不平等能直接体现其在参照群中真实福利差距。基于中国家庭金融调查数据,实证检验了数字金融素养和收入差距对个体消费不平等的影响。结果显示:提升个体数字金融素养显著缓解了消费不平等,收入差距扩大会加剧消费不平等,且数字金融素养有助于削弱收入差距所产生的消费不平等效应。机制分析表明,数字金融素养通过增加财产性收入、提高风险偏好、刺激负债性消费,促使居民能消费、敢消费、愿消费。进一步分析发现,数字金融素养对收入差距与消费不平等之间的调节效应重点体现在生存型消费上,且有助于减弱消费攀比。只有在数字普惠金融发展程度较高的地区,数字金融素养的作用才能更好发挥出来。为此,应持续关注提升居民数字金融素养水平,同时完善数字金融产品和数字金融治理体系。

Abstract:

Promoting equitable consumption is an important dimension of advancing common prosperity. Individual consumptioninequality can directly reflect the actual welfare disparity within one's reference group. Using data from the China Household FinanceSurvey, this study empirically examines the effects of digital financial literacy and the income gap on individual consumptioninequality. The results indicate that enhancing an individual's digital financial literacy significantly mitigates consumption inequality,whereas a widening income gap exacerbates it. Importantly, digital financial literacy helps attenuate the effect of the income gap onconsumption inequality. Mechanism analysis shows that digital financial literacy enables residents to have the capacity to consume,the confidence to consume, and the willingness to consume by increasing property income, enhancing risk preference, andstimulating debt-financed consumption. Further analysis reveals that the moderating effect of digital financial literacy on therelationship between the income gap and consumption inequality is particularly pronounced in subsistence consumption and also helpsreduce conspicuous consumption( or “keeping up with the Joneses”). The role of digital financial literacy is more effectively realizedonly in regions with a higher level of digital financial inclusion development. Therefore, continuous efforts should be made toimprove residents' digital financial literacy, while also refining digital financial products and enhancing the digital financialgovernance system.

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(1)本文控制变量使用的家庭净资产指标是将家庭总资产与家庭总负债相减所得,为确保原始数据结构不变,故对家庭总资产和家庭总负债两项指标进行缩尾处理。

(2)其他非金融资产指的是除农业生产经营、工商业生产经营、房产、车辆以外的非金融资产。

(3)其他负债指的是除金融资产、非金融资产、教育、医疗之外的负债。

基本信息:

DOI:10.14134/j.cnki.cn33-1336/f.2025.11.001

中图分类号:F124.7;F832;F49;F126.1

引用信息:

[1]张雅淋,吴义东,姚玲珍.数字金融素养、收入差距与消费不平等——基于中国家庭金融调查的实证研究[J].商业经济与管理,2025,No.409(11):5-21.DOI:10.14134/j.cnki.cn33-1336/f.2025.11.001.

基金信息:

国家自然科学基金青年项目“城市内部房价分化、新市民居住空间分异与社会融合研究”(72404145);国家自然科学基金青年项目“住房公积金制度扩面对农业转移人口市民化的影响及其优化研究”(72404002); 教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“城市住房可支付能力对青年家庭生育意愿的影响机制、效应与政策研究”(23YJCZH308)

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