| 1,180 | 23 | 314 |
| 下载次数 | 被引频次 | 阅读次数 |
个体的学者角色和创业者角色协同是成功开展学术创业的必要条件。文章将复杂适应系统的特征对应于学术创业者双元角色协同上,借助"刺激—反应"的分析框架,通过纵向案例的方式,探讨了在特殊的复杂的学术创业环境中个体通过认知与行动的交互不断解决角色冲突进而实现双元角色协同的过程。案例发现:个体在解决双元角色的时间冲突、能力冲突和文化表达冲突过程中完成了被动拼凑、核心聚焦和共生协同的演化过程,对环境的适应经历了简单适应、直接适应和复杂适应的阶段。文章提炼的微观层面双元角色协同模型有助于丰富学术创业理论,并为处于不同阶段的学术创业主体成长、调整自身状态提供启示。
Abstract：The coordination of individual scholar role and entrepreneur role is the necessary condition for successful academic entrepreneurship. This research maps the characteristics of complex adaptive systems to the dual roles of academic entrepreneurs. With the aid of "stimulus-response" analysis framework and longitudinal case study, we explore how individuals resolve role conflicts through the interaction between cognition and action and thus achieve dual role coordinaton in a special and complex academic entrepreneurial environment. The main findings are that the evolutionary process contains passive patchwork, core focus, and symbiotic synergy which have been completed in the process of solving the dual roles of time conflict, competence conflict and cultural expression conflict, and they correspond to simple adaptation, direct adaptation and complex adaptation of the complex adaptation system. The micro-level dual role coordination model is helpful to enrich academic entrepreneurship theory and provide some inspiration for the growth and adjustment of academic entrepreneurs at different stages.
[1]GOETHNER M,OBSCHONKA M,SILBEREISEN R K,et al.Scientists' transition to academic entrepreneurship:economic and psychological determinants[J].Journal of Economic Psychology,2012,33(3):628-641.
[2]SHANE S A.Academic entrepreneurship:university spinoffs and wealth creation[M].Cheltenham:Edward Elgar Publishing,2004:15-16.
[3]MUELLER P.Exploring the knowledge filter:how entrepreneurship and university-industry relationships drive economic growth[J].Research Policy,2006,35(10):1499-1508.
[4]MEOLI M,VISMARA S.University support and the creation of technology and non-technology academic spin-offs[J].Small Business Economics,2016,47(2):345-362.
[5]FINI R,GRIMALDI R,SANTOMI S,et al.Complements or substitutes?The role of universities and local context in supporting the creation of academic spin-offs[J].Research Policy,2011,40(8):1113-1127.
[6]GUO F,ZOU B,GUO J,et al.What determines academic entrepreneurship success?A social identity perspective[J].International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal,2019,15(3):929-952.
[7]MURRAY F,GRAHAM L.Buying science and selling science:gender differences in the market for commercial science[J].Industrial and Corporate Change,2007,16(4):657-689.
[8]SHANE S,KHURANA R.Bringing individuals back in:the effect of career experience on new firm founding[J].Industrial and Corporate Change,2003,12(3):519-543.
[9]MURRAY F.The role of academic inventors in entrepreneurial firms:sharing the laboratory life[J].Research Policy,2004,33(4):643-659.
[10]BALVEN R,FENTERS V,SIEGEL D S,et al.Academic entrepreneurship:the roles of identity,motivation,championing,education,work-life balance,and organizational justice[J].Academy of Management Perspectives,2018,32(1):21-42.
[11]POWELL E E,BAKER T.It's what you make of it:founder identity and enacting strategic responses to adversity[J].Academy of Management Journal,2014,57(5):1406-1433.
[12]黄攸立,薛婷,周宏.学术创业背景下学者角色认同演变模式研究[J].管理学报,2013(3):438-443.
[13]叶浩生,曾红,杨文登.生成认知:理论基础与实践走向[J].心理学报,2019(11):1270-1280.
[14]易朝辉,管琳.学者创业角色,创业导向与大学衍生企业创业绩效[J].科研管理,2018(11):166-176.
[15]SAUERMANN H,STEPHAN P.Conflicting logics?A multidimensional view of industrial and academic science[J].Organization Science,2013,24(3):889-909.
[16]JAIN S,GEORGE G,MALTARICH M.Academics or entrepreneurs?Investigating role identity modification of university scientists involved in commercialization activity[J].Research Policy,2009,38(6):922-935.
[17]郭峰,邹波,李艳霞,等.基于社会身份认同的学术创业者身份悖论整合研究[J].研究与发展管理,2019(2):34-43.
[18]吕鸿江,刘洪.转型背景下企业有效应对组织复杂性的机理研究[J].南开管理评论,2009(6):77-89.
[19]约翰·霍兰.隐秩序:适应性造就复杂性[M].周晓牧,韩晖,译.上海:上海科技教育出版社,2000:11-37.
[20]李伯华,曾荣倩,刘沛林,等.基于CAS理论的传统村落人居环境演化研究——以张谷英村为例[J].地理研究,2018(10):1982-1996.
[21]花燕锋,张龙革.知识涌现系统运行机制的模型建构[J].现代情报,2014(7):50-55.
[22]NICHOLSON N.A theory of work role transitions[J].Administrative Science Quarterly,1984,29(2):172-191.
[23]张敬伟,杜鑫,成文,等.新企业商业模式形成过程中认知与行动的互动:一项跨案例研究[J].外国经济与管理,2019(2):44-57.
[24]毛基业,陈诚.案例研究的理论构建:艾森哈特的新洞见[J].管理世界,2017(2):135-141.
[25]EISENHARDT K M,GRAEBNER M E.Theory building from cases:opportunities and challenges[J].Academy of Management Journal,2007,50(1):25-32.
[26]王凤彬.科层组织中的异层级化趋向——基于宝钢集团公司管理体制的案例研究[J].管理世界,2009(2):101-122.
[27]SIEGER P,ZELLWEGER T,NASON R S,et al.Portfolio entrepreneurship in family firms:a resource-based perspective[J].Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal,2011,5(4):327-351.
[28]EISENHARDT K M,GRAEBNER M E,SONENSHEIN S.Grand challenges and inductive methods:rigor without rigor mortis[J].Academy of Management Journal,2016,59(4):1113-1123.
[29]甘静娴,芮正云.“双创”时代高校创客空间的复杂适应系统分析及优化策略[J].科技进步与对策,2018(7):113-117.
[30]尚航标,黄培伦,田国双,等.企业管理认知变革的微观过程:两大国有森工集团的跟踪性案例分析[J].管理世界,2014(6):126-141,188.
[31]HARPER D A.Towards a theory of entrepreneurial teams[J].Journal of Business Venturing,2008,23(6):613-626.
[32]秦剑.反应性角色行为、工作-家庭冲突与创业导向关系研究[J].商业经济与管理,2013(11):61-69.
[33]朱秀梅,刘月,李柯,等.创业学习到创业能力:基于主体和过程视角的研究[J].外国经济与管理,2019(2):30-43.
[34]TEECE D J.A dynamic capabilities-based entrepreneurial theory of the multinational enterprise[J].Journal of International Business Studies,2014,45(1):8-37.
[35]张艺,陈凯华,朱桂龙.产学研合作与后发国家创新主体能力演变——以中国高铁产业为例[J].科学学研究,2018(10):1896-1912.
[36]LAM A.From “ivory tower traditionalists” to “entrepreneurial scientists”?Academic scientists in fuzzy university—industry boundaries[J].Social Studies of Science,2010,40(2):307-340.
[37]WRIGHT M,PHAN P.The commercialization of science:from determinants to impact[J].Academy of Management Perspectives,2018,32(1):1-3.
[38]NIKIFOROU A,ZABARA T,CLARYSSE B,et al.The role of teams in academic spin-offs[J].Academy of Management Perspectives,2018,32(1):78-103.
基本信息:
DOI：10.14134/j.cnki.cn33-1336/f.2020.08.003
中图分类号:F279.2
引用信息:
[1]熊文明,余维新,陈传明.基于复杂适应系统理论的学术创业者双元角色协同过程研究[J].商业经济与管理,2020,No.346(08):34-44.DOI:10.14134/j.cnki.cn33-1336/f.2020.08.003.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金项目“个体认知、团队动态性对创业机会识别的影响:基于新颖性和有用性权衡的视角”(71672080); 教育部人文社会科学基金青年项目“关键核心技术创新生态系统的知识治理研究:基于知识流动视角”(19YJC630209); 南京邮电大学国家自然科学基金孵化项目“创新网络知识多样性对核心企业创新能力的影响研究”(NY219090)
2020-08-15
2020-08-15