| 16 | 0 | 36 |
| 下载次数 | 被引频次 | 阅读次数 |
数字技术在工作中的应用对员工提出了新的工作要求,员工进行自我调节以适应人机协作工作范式是发挥数字技术效能的关键所在。文章基于自我调节理论,构建了一个双路径模型,旨在探讨员工在面对数字化工作要求时的自我调节过程及内在机制。对274份三时点纵向调查问卷的数据进行分析,结果发现:数字化学习要求能够通过问题解决沉思影响员工的主动学习行为;数字化工作量要求能够通过情感反刍影响员工的职场欺骗行为;个体的认知灵活性既强化了数字化学习要求与问题解决沉思之间的正向关系,也增强了问题解决沉思在数字化学习要求与主动学习行为之间的间接效应;此外,未发现个体的认知灵活性在数字化工作量要求与情感反刍之间具有显著的调节效应。文章揭示了个体在面对数字化工作要求时的适应性和非适应性自我调节过程,为管理者在引入智能化技术时制定针对性的干预策略提供理论指导和启示。
Abstract:The integration of digital technologies into the workplace has given rise to new job demands,and employees' ability to self-regulate in adapting to human-machine collaboration paradigms is critical to realizing the full potential of these technologies.Drawing on self-regulation theory,this study develops a dual-path model to investigate the self-regulation processes and underlying mechanisms through which employees respond to digital work demands.Analysis of three-wave longitudinal survey data from 274employees reveals that:(1) digital learning demands foster employees' proactive learning behavior via problem-solving pondering;(2) digital workload demands influence workplace cheating behavior via affective rumination;(3) cognitive flexibility not only strengthens the positive relationship between digital learning demands and problem-solving pondering,but also amplifies the indirect effect of problem-solving pondering on digital learning demands and proactive learning behavior;and(4) the moderating role of cognitive flexibility in the relationship between digital workload demands and affective rumination is not significant.By illuminating both adaptive and maladaptive self-regulatory processes in response to digital job demands,this study offers theoretical guidance and practical implications for managers seeking to design targeted interventions when introducing intelligent technologies into the workplace.
[1]Cheng X S,Xue T,Yang B,et al.A digital transformation approach in hospitality and tourism research [J].International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management,2023,35(8):2944-2967.
[2]Borges A F S,Laurindo F J B,Spínola M M,et al.The strategic use of artificial intelligence in the digital era:systematic literature review and future research directions [J].International Journal of Information Management,2021,57:102225.
[3]Kervenoael R D,Hasan R,Schwob A,et al.Leveraging human-robot interaction in hospitality services:incorporating the role of perceived value,empathy,and information sharing into visitors' intentions to use social robots [J].Tourism Management,2020,78:104042.
[4]谢小云,左玉涵,胡琼晶.数字化时代的人力资源管理:基于人与技术交互的视角[J].管理世界,2021(1):200-216,13.
[5]彭剑锋.新一代人工智能对组织与人力资源管理的影响与挑战[J].中国人力资源开发,2023(7):8-14.
[6]仲为国,贾宁,梁屹天,等.人工智能时代的工商管理研究现状与未来[J].中国科学基金,2024(5):794-805.
[7]Ancillai C,Sabatini A,Gatti M,et al.Digital technology and business model innovation:a systematic literature review and future research agenda [J].Technological Forecasting and Social Change,2023,188:122307.
[8]傅飞强,查文慧,周琦玮.企业数字技术要求与员工创新行为:悖论理论视角下员工学习张力的中介作用和领导同理心的调节作用[J].中国人力资源开发,2024(3):69-83.
[9]Kubicek B,Paškvan M,Korunka C.Development and validation of an instrument for assessing job demands arising from accelerated change:the intensification of job demands scale (IDS) [J].European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology,2015,24(6):898-913.
[10]Huang H,Li J Y.Master or escape:digitization-oriented job demands and crafting and withdrawal of Chinese public sector employees [J].Behavioral Sciences,2025,15(3):378-394.
[11]Kim M,Beehr T A.Thriving on demand:challenging work results in employee flourishing through appraisals and resources [J].International Journal of Stress Management,2020,27(2):111-125.
[12]Ma J.Curious supervisor puts team innovation within reach:investigating supervisor trait curiosity as a catalyst for collective actions [J].Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes,2023,175:104236.
[13]Li Y,Wang F S.Challenge stressors from using social media for work and change-oriented organizational citizenship behavior:effects of public service motivation and job involvement [J].Government Information Quarterly,2022,39(4):101741.
[14]Korunka C,Kubicek B,Paškvan M,et al.Changes in work intensification and intensified learning:challenge or hindrance demands?[J].Journal of Managerial Psychology,2015,30(7):786-800.
[15]Prem R,Ohly S,Kubicek B,et al.Thriving on challenge stressors?Exploring time pressure and learning demands as antecedents of thriving at work [J].Journal of Organizational Behavior,2017,38(1):108-123.
[16]Herttalampi M,Wiese B,Feldt T.Leaders' intensified job demands:their multi-level associations with leader-follower relationships and follower well-being [J].Work & Stress,2023,37(1):78-99.
[17]赵慧军,王娟娟.中国情境的工作强化研究:结构探索与量表开发[J].经济管理,2019(5):192-208.
[18]Mauno S,Herttalampi M,Minkkinen J,et al.Is work intensification bad for employees?A review of outcomes for employees over the last two decades [J].Work & Stress,2023,37(1):100-125.
[19]Espedido A,Searle B J,Griffin B.Peers,proactivity,and problem-solving:a multilevel study of team impacts on stress appraisals of problem-solving demands [J].Work & Stress,2020,34(3):219-237.
[20]Bandura A.Social cognitive theory of self-regulation [J].Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes,1991,50(2):248-287.
[21]Vohs K D,Baumeister R F.Handbook of self-regulation:research,theory,and applications [M].New York:Guilford Publications,2016:3-21.
[22]Carver C S,Scheier M F.On the self-regulation of behavior [M].New York:Cambridge University Press,2001:29-147.
[23]Cropley M,Zijlstra F R H.Work and rumination [M].Cheltenham:Edward Elgar Publishing,2011:487-502.
[24]Cropley M,Michalianou G,Pravettoni G,et al.The relation of post-work ruminative thinking with eating behaviour [J].Stress and Health,2012,28(1):23-30.
[25]Xu X M,Du D Y,Johnson R E,et al.Justice change matters:approach and avoidance mechanisms underlying the regulation of justice over time [J].Journal of Applied Psychology,2022,107(7):1070-1093.
[26]Bezuijen X M,Van Dam K,Van Den Berg P T,et al.How leaders stimulate employee learning:a leader-member exchange approach [J].Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology,2010,83(3):673-693.
[27]Mitchell M S,Baer M D,Ambrose M L,et al.Cheating under pressure:a self-protection model of workplace cheating behavior [J].Journal of Applied Psychology,2018,103(1):54-73.
[28]Bennett A A,Gabriel A S,Calderwood C,et al.Better together?Examining profiles of employee recovery experiences [J].Journal of Applied Psychology,2016,101(12):1635-1654.
[29]Martin M M,Ruibin R B.A new measure of cognitive flexibility [J].Psychological Reports,1995,76(2):623-626.
[30]Martin M M,Staggers S M,Anderson C M.The relationships between cognitive flexibility with dogmatism,intellectual flexibility,preference for consistency,and self-compassion [J].Communication Research Reports,2011,28(3):275-280.
[31]Kiss A N,Libaers D,Barr P S,et al.CEO cognitive flexibility,information search,and organizational ambidexterity [J].Strategic Management Journal,2020,41(12):2200-2233.
[32]Puranik H,Koopman J,Vough H C.Excuse me,do you have a minute?An exploration of the dark- and bright- side effects of daily work interruptions for employee well-being [J].Journal of Applied Psychology,2021,106(12):1867-1884.
[33]Ye Y,Chen K H.Hospitality employees and digital transformation:the mediating roles of alienation and motivation [J].International Journal of Hospitality Management,2024,119:103731.
[34]Christ-brendemühl S.Bridging the gap:an interview study on frontline employee responses to restaurant technology [J].International Journal of Hospitality Management,2022,102:103183.
[35]Wu W L,Chin W,Liu Y D.Technostress and the smart hospitality employee [J].Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Technology,2022,13(3):404-426.
[36]刘智强,许玉平,许建伟,等.创新期望差距与团队突破性创新:自我调节理论视角[J].心理学报,2023(2):272-285.
[37]Xu L N,Liu Z,Ji M,et al.Leader perfectionism—Friend or foe of employee creativity?Locus of control as a key contingency [J].Academy of Management Journal,2022,65(6):2092-2117.
[38]Colquitt J A,Lepine J A,Noe R A.Toward an integrative theory of training motivation:a meta-analytic path analysis of 20 years of research [J].Journal of Applied Psychology,2000,85(5):678-707.
[39]Baumeister R F,Vohs K D.Self-regulation [M].Oxford:Oxford University Press,2004:499-516.
[40]Zhang L L,Qiu Y,Zhang N,et al.How difficult doctor-patient relationships impair physicians' work engagement:the roles of prosocial motivation and problem-solving pondering [J].Psychological Reports,2020,123(3):885-902.
[41]刘薇.变革型领导对工作场所员工学习的影响——员工情绪的中介作用和情绪智力的调节作用[J].管理评论,2018(10):128-140.
[42]Firoozabadi A,Uitdewilligen S,Zijlstra F R H.Solving problems or seeing troubles?A day-level study on the consequences of thinking about work on recovery and well-being,and the moderating role of self-regulation [J].European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology,2018,27(5):629-641.
[43]Xing L,Sun J M,Jepsen D,et al.Supervisor negative feedback and employee motivation to learn:an attribution perspective [J].Human Relations (New York),2021,76(2):310-340.
[44]Mitchell M S,Greenbaum R L,Vogel R M,et al.Can you handle the pressure?The effect of performance pressure on stress appraisals,self-regulation,and behavior [J].Academy of Management Journal,2019,62(2):531-552.
[45]Syrek C J,Weigelt O,Peifer C,et al.Zeigarnik's sleepless nights:how unfinished tasks at the end of the week impair employee sleep on the weekend through rumination [J].Journal of Occupational Health Psychology,2017,22(2):225-238.
[46]Farasat M,Azam A,Hassan H.Supervisor bottom-line mentality,workaholism,and workplace cheating behavior:the moderating effect of employee entitlement [J].Ethics & Behavior,2021,31(8):589-603.
[47]Spoelma T M.Counteracting the effects of performance pressure on cheating:a self-affirmation approach [J].Journal of Applied Psychology,2022,107(10):1804-1823.
[48]李锡元,王伟叶.绩效压力对职场欺骗行为的影响机制研究[J].商业经济与管理,2020(10):39-51.
[49]Wach D,Stephan U,Weinberger E,et al.Entrepreneurs' stressors and well-being:a recovery perspective and diary study [J].Journal of Business Venturing,2021,36(5):106016.
[50]Xu X F,Kwan H K,Wei F.Coping with workplace ostracism:the role of rumination in work engagement and help-seeking behavior [J].Journal of Managerial Psychology,2026:1-16.
[51]Venz L,Boettcher K.Leading in times of crisis:how perceived COVID-19-related work intensification links to daily e-mail demands and leader outcomes [J].Applied Psychology,2022,71(3):912-934.
[52]Paškvan M,Kubicek B,Prem R,et al.Cognitive appraisal of work intensification [J].International Journal of Stress Management,2016,23(2):124-146.
[53]Lu W Z,Wu H B,Liu S S,et al.“Render good for evil” or “take an eye for an eye”?The double-edged sword of customer mistreatment [J].Journal of Business and Psychology,2023,38(4):941-953.
[54]Krannitz M A,Grandey A A,Liu S Q,et al.Workplace surface acting and marital partner discontent:anxiety and exhaustion spillover mechanisms [J].Journal of Occupational Health Psychology,2015,20(3):314-325.
[55]Calderwood C,Bennett A A,Gabriel A S,et al.Too anxious to help?Off-job affective rumination as a linking mechanism between work anxiety and helping [J].Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology,2018,91(3):681-687.
[56]Fritz C,Sonnentag S.Recovery,well-being,and performance-related outcomes:the role of workload and vacation experiences [J].Journal of Applied Psychology,2006,91(4):936-945.
[57]Kinnunen U,Feldt T,Sianoja M,et al.Identifying long-term patterns of work-related rumination:associations with job demands and well-being outcomes [J].European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology,2017,26(4):514-526.
[58]Querstret D,Cropley M.Exploring the relationship between work-related rumination,sleep quality,and work-related fatigue [J].Journal of Occupational Health Psychology,2012,17(3):341-353.
[59]Vahle-hinz T,Mauno S,De Bloom J,et al.Rumination for innovation?Analysing the longitudinal effects of work-related rumination on creativity at work and off-job recovery [J].Work & Stress,2017,31(4):315-337.
[60]Kouchaki M,Desai S D.Anxious,threatened,and also unethical:how anxiety makes individuals feel threatened and commit unethical acts [J].Journal of Applied Psychology,2015,100(2):360-375.
[61]孙佳思,叶龙,张启超,等.辱虐管理与员工欺骗行为:基于自我保护理论视角[J].中国人力资源开发,2019(1):95-105.
[62]Pingel R,Fay D,Urbach T.A resources perspective on when and how proactive work behaviour leads to employee withdrawal [J].Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology,2019,92(2):410-435.
[63]Chi N W,Tsai W C,Tseng S M.Customer negative events and employee service sabotage:the mediating role of employee hostility and the moderating roles of personality and group affective tone [J].Work and Stress,2013,27(3):298-319.
[64]杨洋,颜锐,王滕,等.远程办公中工作干扰对员工欺骗行为的影响[J].管理科学,2023(4):61-74.
[65]Bakker A B,Demerouti E,Sanz-Vergel A.Job demands-resources theory:ten years later [J].Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior,2023,10(1):25-53.
[66]刘智强,严荣笑,唐双双.领导创新期望与员工突破性创新投入:基于悖论理论的研究[J].管理世界,2021(10):226-241.
[67]邵芳,孙海航.“员工创新悖论困境”破解——双元领导对员工创新的双通道作用机理[J].科技进步与对策,2024(19):151-160.
[68]Cheng B,Lin H X,Kong Y R.Challenge or hindrance?How and when organizational artificial intelligence adoption influences employee job crafting [J].Journal of Business Research,2023,164:113987.
[69]赵富强,祝含秋,陈耘,等.多团队成员身份对个体创新绩效的双刃剑效应研究[J].管理学报,2024(1):66-76.
[70]Smith R W,Denunzio M M,Haynes N J,et al.The importance of appraisal in stressor-well-being relationships and the examination of personality traits as boundary conditions [J].Journal of Managerial Psychology,2022,37(5):425-443.
[71]Choi Y,Choi M,Oh M,et al.Service robots in hotels:understanding the service quality perceptions of human-robot interaction [J].Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management,2020,29(6):613-635.
[72]Ivanov S.The impact of automation on tourism and hospitality jobs [J].Information Technology & Tourism,2020,22(2):205-215.
[73]Brislin R W.Back-translation for cross-cultural research [J].Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology,1970,1(3):185-216.
[74]Karasek Jr R A.Job demands,job decision latitude,and mental strain:implications for job redesign [J].Administrative Science Quarterly,1979,24(2):285-308.
[75]Hays R D,Hayashi T,Stewart A L.A five-item measure of socially desirable response set [J].Educational and Psychological Measurement,1989,49(3):629-636.
[76]农梅兰,朱瑜,王雁飞.以家庭之名行不义之事:不道德亲家庭行为的影响及其机制[J].心理学报,2025(7):1262-1280.
[77]Ren S,Hu J,Tang G Y,et al.Digital connectivity for work after hours:its curvilinear relationship with employee job performance [J].Personnel Psychology,2023,76(3):731-757.
[78]Scheuerer J,Mueller E F,Thaler J.The dark side of digital external networking:a job demands-resources perspective [J].European Management Journal,2026,44(1):55-65.
[79]张晶,李伟贺,史燕伟,等.工作反刍及其“双刃剑”效应[J].心理科学进展,2020(2):358-367.
[80]牛莉霞,乔亚凡,夏文德.绩效压力对工作繁荣的“双刃剑”效应:工作反刍和组织支持感的作用[J].中国人力资源开发,2024(3):21-34.
[81]Song Y F,Liu Y H,Wang M,et al.A social mindfulness approach to understanding experienced customer mistreatment:a within-person field experiment [J].Academy of Management Journal,2018,61(3):994-1020.
[82]Liu M,Liu X,Li L,et al.Approach and avoidance mechanisms in the effects of algorithm transparency on the service performance of food-delivery riders [J].Current Issues in Tourism,2025,28(14):2366-2380.
[83]Allen T D,French K A.Work-family research:a review and next steps [J].Personnel Psychology,2023,76(2):437-471.
基本信息:
DOI:10.14134/j.cnki.cn33-1336/f.2026.07.004
中图分类号:F272.92
引用信息:
[1]陈慧,刘雨展,王小华.数字化工作要求下员工自我调节机制研究——一个双路径模型[J].商业经济与管理,2026,No.417(07):42-57.DOI:10.14134/j.cnki.cn33-1336/f.2026.07.004.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金面上项目“矛盾视角下智能技术工作嵌入的理论构建及其作用机制研究”(72372013);国家自然科学基金面上项目“矛盾视角下授权型领导行为对于下属和领导者本人的双重影响”(71972015)
2025-06-05
2025
2025-08-11
2026-08-21
2026
2
2026-07-15
2026-07-15