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在数字经济时代，数字化转型已成为产业升级和经济高质量发展的助推器，高校作为人才、知识和技术等数字化资源的重要供给方，在推动企业数字化转型方面发挥着关键作用。基于对A股上市公司官网新闻的文本分析，构建衡量企业层面产学研合作程度的指标，实证检验产学研合作对企业数字化转型的促进效应、内在机制及其作用后果。研究发现：产学研合作显著提升了企业的数字化转型，并且该结论在考虑内生性问题以及一系列稳健性检验后依然成立。机制分析显示，数字化转型的促进作用通过人才效应和创新效应来实现。异质性分析表明，政府在基础研究和科技人才投入的注意力越多，产学研合作对数字化转型的促进作用越强，并且该作用对高新技术行业、市场化水平较高地区的企业也更加显著。进一步地，产学研合作能够通过推动数字化转型程度以促进数字化成果的产出。研究结论不仅在理论上揭示了产学研合作对企业数字化转型的影响机理，也为产学研合作和数字化转型实践提供了有益指导，对相关政策的制定也具有重要的启示。
Abstract：In the era of digital economy, digital transformation has become the booster of industrial upgrading and high-quality economic development. As an important supplier of digital resources such as talents, knowledge and technology, universities play a key role in promoting the digital transformation of firms. Based on text analysis of the official website news of the Chinese A-share listed firms, an indicator is constructed to measure the degree of academia-industry-collaboration at the firm level. Then we empirically examine the promotion effect, internal mechanism and consequences of academia-industry collaboration on the digital transformation of firms. The results show that academia-industry collaboration significantly improves the digital transformation of firms, and the conclusion is still robust after considering endogeneity issues and a series of robustness tests. Mechanism analysis shows that the promotion effect of digital transformation is achieved through talent effects and innovation effects. The heterogeneity analysis shows that the more attention the government invests in basic research and scientific and technological talents, the stronger effect of academia-industry collaboration in promoting digital transformation. The effect is also more significant for high-tech industries and firms in regions with high marketization level. Further, academia-industry collaboration can promote the output of digital achievements by promoting digital transformation. Research conclusion not only reveals the impact mechanism of academia-industry collaboration on firm digital transformation in theory, but also provides useful guidance for academia-industry collaboration and digital transformation practice, and also has important implications for the formulation of relevant policies.
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(1)方括号内为在10%的显著性水平上Stock-Yogo弱工具变量识别F检验的临界值。
(2)本文还用技术人员数量/员工总数衡量人才效应,回归结果显示AIC的系数显著为正。
(3)本文还用企业专利申请数量作为衡量创新效应,回归结果显示AIC的系数显著为正。
基本信息:
DOI：10.14134/j.cnki.cn33-1336/f.2023.10.001
中图分类号:F49;F832.51
引用信息:
[1]苏涛永,王柯.产学研合作与企业数字化转型：内在机制与作用后果——基于中国上市公司的经验证据[J].商业经济与管理,2023,No.384(10):5-22.DOI:10.14134/j.cnki.cn33-1336/f.2023.10.001.
基金信息:
国家社会科学基金重点项目“企业数字化与绿色化协同转型机制研究”(23AGL007)
2023-10-15
2023-10-15